INTRODUCTION ON.VIETNAMESE TRANSLATE ENGLISH BY=VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST NUN=THE WOMEN OF THE SAKYA CLAN CHAN TANH. Vinaya ( Vinayapitaka ) belong Tripitaka ( Tipitaka ) is the teachings and regulations of the Buddha on the issue had related to the life and the activities of its members as well as the work of the congregation , in There, mainly referring to the Bhikkhu khưu, part for Bhikkhu khưu ni, at the same time some issues can apply to the row at home lay people are also found . The Vinaya Pitaka is divided into three main parts: Suttavibhaṅga, Khandhaka, and Parivāra . I. Suttavibhanga (Analysis Patimokkha ) presentation of the monastic rule Patimokkha of the monk consists of 227 articles of the monk and nuns study and include 311 school thing. The meaning of the word " Sutta " in the phrase " suttavibhanga " have meanings equivalent as " sikkhapada " (this study, school world , this world, ...), if the terms of the meaning overarching can call " precepts." Thus, Suttavibhaṅga means the analysis of the learnings or the analysis of the precepts (in the Sutta Pitaka)., the word "sutta" is translated as "sutta", e.g. Brahmajālasutta is translated as Pham Vong Sutra , etc.). According to tradition is being applied in Ceylon and Burma, Suttavibhanga are classified into two: Parajikapali and Pacittiyapali . This division may be due to the division of two volumes of the books of Suttavibhaṅga and is presented as follows: Pārājikapāḷi : The chapter begins with Verañja introducing Mr. Sāriputta's request to the Buddha to prescribe the study and publish the precepts of Pātimokkha ; At that time the Buddha was residing in the rainy season in Verañjā . Next, the lessons are presented in order: 1) 4 Parajika ( any public office ) 2) 13 Sanghadisesa (increase Museum) 3) 2 Aniyata ( uncertainty ) 4) 30 nissaggiya pacittiya (Falcon discharge antidotes ) Pacittiyapali : presentation rest of Suttavibhanga : 5) 92 pacittiya (Falcon antidotes ) 6) 4 Patidesaniya (Falcon reveal ) 7) 75 Sekhiya (Falcon school) 8) 7 Adhikaranasamatha Dhamma (the adversarial legal arrangements) 9) Bhikkhunīvibhaṅga (Analysis of Bhikkhunis). Thai tradition also divides Suttavibhaṅga into two, but according to the content: Mahāvibhaṅga (Great Analysis): also known as Bhikkhuvibhaṅga (Analysis of the Bhikkhu Precepts) because there is a complete analysis of the 227 precepts in the Pātimokkha precepts of the bhikkhu from 4 pārājika to 7 adhikaraṇasamathā dhammā . This volume is divided into 2 volumes: Volume I contains 4 pārājika , 13 saṅghādisesa , and 2 aniyata , volume II includes the remainder of the precepts beginning with 30 nissaggiya pācittiya and ending with a summary recitation . Bhikkhunīvibhaṅga (Analysis of Bhikkhuni Precepts) only presents the prescribed rules for bhikkhunis, the general rules that need to be seen in Bhikkhuvibhaṅga (Analysis of Bhikkhunis). II. Khandhaka (Component): Khandhaka include the issue has concerned have been arranged into chapters and are classified into two: Mahavagga ( Great Food ) and Cullavagga ( skits ). We roughly translated Khandhaka as Component ( khandha mean volume, grouping, aggregates, ... and the suffix - ka in case this sense belongs, have related , ...). Mahavagga ( Great Food ): 10 chapters, beginning with the realization attainment of the Buddha , followed by the task importance of the monk as ordaining ceremony uposatha ( Daddy Tat ), the retreat season rain, ceremony Pavarana ( suicide ), etc .. Cullavagga ( skits ) comprises 12 chapters refers to the act of monk crime , resolving the dispute, the divided congregation , and issues other related life ordained . Especially chapter 10 mention the renunciation of the monk and nuns, and the last two chapters 11 and 12 talk about two periodic aggregation Tripitaka first in India . III. Parivāra ( Compendium ): an analysis of the Precepts and the Vinaya by headings and presented in a question-and-answer format , which can be seen as a manual for the conduct of the Vinaya. --ooOoo-- T ạng Vietnamese Law Vinaya Vietnamese translation of us based on the documents from the CD Budsir Pali Roman IV of the University of Mahidol (Thailand), are divided into 5 sets, 8 episode: 1. Bhikkhuni Precepts Analysis (2 volumes) 2. Bhikkhuni Precepts Analysis 3. Great Products (2 volumes) 4. Minor Products (2 volumes) 5. Compendiums ***** 1. Analysis of Bhikkhu Precepts: Consists of two volumes and can be summarized as the Bhikkhu Precepts for easy remembering. Referring to the content, the opening chapter Verañja presents the time to prescribe the training for the bhikkhus based on the Buddha 's answer to the request of the Venerable Sāriputta ( Sāriputta ) that: "O Sāriputta , you wait! Sāriputta, you wait! In this case , only the Tathagata knows the time." And he defined that moment as follows: "It is, Sāriputta, that it is because certain dharmas lead to taints or appear in this assembly ... it is because the assembly reaches great numbers.. . precisely because the assembly reaches greatness in terms of development ... precisely because the assembly attains an abundance of profit , some dharmas lead to contraband or appear in this assembly , so the Master prescribes the training. and announced the monastic Patimokkha for practitioners to eradicate the legal taken to pirated or that. " The chapter next , we know that when it learned the rules , first with the criticism and disparaging about jobs or saying something of you left home , to criticize and decry widespread made it heard by the bhikkhus and finally reached the Buddha's ears . Subjects violations in the story may be individual or group of bhikkhus, is not necessarily the flesh that even some evidence have been meditating andKabbalah as you Devadatta to split the congregation and Sagata by intoxicated because of drinking, a few cases due to the level witnessed Sainthood as he Anuruddha on the lie of sleep with a woman, he Culapanthaka about teachers instruct the bhikkhunis when the sun has gone down, or Veḷaṭṭhasīsa, about the life of the food that has been accumulated. Regarding the criticism and disparaging, majority comes from a home may be the layman has taken refuge , the followers of pagan , or masses normal, then because they have ordained , only a few cases due to non-human class above or below. Normally, the Buddha summoned the bhikkhus, identified the problem , reprimanded and taught , and then prescribed the study. Each time, the Buddha always insisted on ten benefits of employment was as follows: "To the good for the congregation , to the peace for the assembly , in order to suppress the evil character bad, to the abode of good bhikkhus, in order to preventthe contraband in the present, in order to eliminate the contraband in the future, in order to bring faith to those who do not have faith , in order to increase the faith of those who already have faith , to the existence of the Righteousness. Dharma , and to support the Law." There are many cases where the discipline has been further prescribed ( anupaññatti ), in some cases the severity of the practice has increased , in other casesbe mitigated by the demand needed eg monk sick can life really in blessing amnesty than once , or monk can go first and then go with monk and nuns in the roads where dangerous or general trip boat when crossing the river. After the regulation on learning, there is an analysis of words and cases of violation or non -violation . This section should consider carefully can understand this section to learn exactly . In addition , there are parts of the story commenting on articles 4 and 5 things learned parajika Sanghadisesa school's head, including the events specifichelp to understand more about the cases of violation crime. When I read the story of this, one should contact with the analysis in front to see the verdict of the Buddha . It is important to note that the main object of these trainings are bhikkhus and bhikkhunis who have been advanced to the upper stage by action with the fourth announcement , first the brahmin- his subjects were Sariputta fact the result of giving a spoonful of food ( Great food , chapter I, [85]). 2.Analysis of Bhikkhuni Precepts: To put it more briefly, it is easy to remember that it is the Bhikkhuni Precepts. This episode presents 311 things to learn of the monk and nuns are divided as follows: 1) 8 Parajika ( any public office ) 2) 17 Sanghadisesa (increase Museum) 3) 30 nissaggiya pacittiya (Falcon discharge antidotes ) 4) 166 pacittiya (Falcon antidotes ) 5) 8 Patidesaniya (Falcon reveal ) 6) 75 Sekhiya (Falcon school) 7) 7 Adhikaranasamatha Dhamma (the dispute settlement method). However , only the specific rules for bhikkhunis ( asādhāraṇapaññatti ) are presented in this volume, while the general rules for bhikkhunis and bhikkhunis ( sādhāraṇapaññatti ) are to be found in the Analysis of Bhikkhu Discipline. . Mr. Buddhaghosa in the Commentary to the Samantapāsādikā Vinaya helped us to identify these common things, but the order in which the full precepts of the bhikkhunis are presented is not mentioned by him. The full precepts of bhikkhunis are found in thePāli documents named Bhikkhunīpātimokkha , Ubhato-pātimokkha , Dvemātikāpāḷī , are also preserved in countries where Buddhism is the state religion such as Ceylon , Thailand, and Burma. Comparing the Pātimokkha precepts of bhikkhus and bhikkhunis, there are a number of issues worth noting as follows: 1) A bhikkhuni has no aniyata ( indeterminate ) precept . Bhikkhu and Bhikkhu ni are 30 things nissaggiya pacittiya (Falcon discharge for treatment ), but there are number of similar but some things to learn differently, 75 things sekhiya (Falcon School) and 7 legal settlement proceedings altogether same. 2) The Buddha prescribed lessons for bhikkhunis through the bhikkhus. Whenever an incident arose , the bhikkhunis reported the incident to the bhikkhus, and then the bhikkhus reported it to the Buddha . When the Buddha prescribed learning, he also prescribed indirectly through the bhikkhus: "... And hey, bhikkhus, bhikkhunis, let's spread this study ..." Also note about the body of verbs used in the Buddha 's speech : Verb " uddissantu " in the caseof the monk and nuns of orders way, implied the directive, the order should be translated as "please," and " uddisseyyatha " applies to the monk under the assumption manner meaningful counsel gently translates as "should;" We have not found a grammatical explanation for this point, it is also possible that indirect or direct speech is the reason for this difference. And in the stories in the Vinaya, it seems that only Mahāpajāpati Gotam actively talked to the Buddha , while the bhikkhunis only listened and answered whenBuddha asked. 3) When the bhikkhunis came to the Buddha, they stood even while listening to the Dharma . This is noted in the passages "... then stood to one side. Once stood to one side..." And when leaving the Buddha , there is only a description of the bhikkhunis paying respects to the Buddha. , turn the right shoulder around and go, without the "... get up from the seat ..." Particularly for the bhikkhus, the bhikkhunis need to ask permission when sitting down in front ( pācittiya article) ninety four). 4) Conducting prescribed for the monk is usually slightly lower than the monk and nuns while they both perform actions offenders alike. Such as concealing the crime parajika of others, monk committed pacittiya (Falcon antidotes ) Article 64, monk and nuns to commit parajika ( any public office ) Article 2, or taste trends follow wrong and still not rid After being reminded, Bhikkhu khưu pācittiya (opportunity treatment ) article 68, and Bhikkhuni Bhikkhuni violation pārājika ( non-combination ) Article 3, etc.. 5) However , monk and nuns were 2 things mitigation is only servant nuns international of 2 years, while the monk minimum to 5 years or more, and the monk and nuns are not operating parivasa when offenders Sanghadisesa ( increase store ), in return , must practice mānatta for half a month in both assemblies (while the bhikkhu must practice parivāsa depending on the number of days of concealment and only 6 nights of mānatta ). 6) The problem ordained for the female is somewhat more complex than, for example, nuns international level have 12 years seniority (compared monk just 10 years) and could not continue the annual ( pacittiya article 82), which This does not see regulations for bhikkhus. After the practice is completed, it is necessary to move the new monk nun away, to avoid the case of the husband recaptured ( pācittiya article 70). 7) As for the World e ni want tu Level above, must have allowed the parents and the husband (already prices are still dependent on their parents ), to round twenty years old, has practiced six measures in two years, and the transmission of the Dharma to a higher level should be carried out in both assemblies in turn . 8) Indian society at that time seemed very dangerous to women because of the unforeseen events that happened to bhikkhunis traveling alone or in groups. 9) The problem of recovering Kaṭhina is found in this Code ( pācittiya article 30, [253]), instead of being collected in the Kaṭhina chapter ( Great Product , Chapter VII). If you consider carefully both the Law of the monk and the monk and nuns, we can figure out the difference in mentality between the two sexes was Buddha experience out in the enlightenment and enlightenment of yourself , While today, Psychology has to spend a lot of effort with the research to find the principles and apply them in practice . We think there are many issues interesting else that itself we haveomitted or not capable of detection. 3. Great Product : The Great Product consists of ten chapters: 1. Chapter 1 talks about the beginning of the Dhamma is calculated from the moment the Buddha attained result of Supreme Enlightenment , and include the formation of rite for ordained and consecrated to the rank on become monk, and some issues related to the training of your renunciation . 2. Chapter 2 explained the ceremony uposatha to cause the original is the word petition of king Bimbisara Seniya and many problems have related to the conduct of the ceremony, as the fixed boundary ( SIMA ) and the ceremony Uposatha , repentance , recitation of the Pātimokkha precepts , etc. The preservation of the unity of the assembly is the point emphasized in this chapter. 3. Chapter 3 explains about the rainy season ( settlement ). Although only recorded in two chants, but the content of this chapter presents the events related to 1/3 of the life and practice of the bhikkhu. This chapter should be considered carefully because there are new materials that have not been presented in the document on the Law was popular . 4. Chapter 4 explained the ceremony Pavarana ( slowly ) that is one of the forms of suggestions each other about life practice with related rules . Act of sacrifice Pavarana however only be carried out once in three months residence rainy season, but the importance is equivalent to feast uposatha to preserve the purity and integrated character of the congregation . 5. Chapter 5 talks about animal skins have related to the life of the monks such as shoes, etc .. The story renunciation of youth at the beginning of chapter Kolivisa Sona introduction of effort diligent of you bhikkhu young, although due to the very diligent excessive this is a hindrance to attaining certification of he, but also as an example for us to see the motor practice of taste ordained in the faith Buddha is still in the money. 6. Chapter 6 is about medicine and cures. This chapter includes 4 recite the mentioned ways to treat some common diseases, a number of provisions have been applied during the period of hardship as the food, the faith firmly of laywomen Suppiya, about problem -life use of fish and meat in Buddhism , in addition , there are stories about women Ambapali century and some problems others still have the application practice in the present . 7. Chapter 7 explains the Kaṭhina robe offering ceremony . This is an experimental blessed important stature, because of the achievements of Kathina not only affect the merit of the benefactors , but also related to the practice of the monk. The explanation in detail with the contrast of this chapter is probably not beyond purpose presents some subtle need to focus consideration . 8. Chapter 8 is the chapter on clothes lecture on health and the type of problem has involved in many aspects . Scores stayed in this chapter is reciting the preamble to the story about the physician Jivaka Komarabhacca and talent of healing of this position, is worth surprise is the anatomy of the head and in the abdomen were carried out on time ago 2,500 years. 9. Chapter 9 is named after an event occurs in Campa, raised a precedent not nice about using the power of collective to impose punishment wrong to individuals . At that time there was also the Buddha as the judge to judge, in the present time the responsibility of reviewing the matter is vested in the assemblies of bhikkhus in other places if so requested . The explanations in this chapter do not but present a pattern in the conduct of actions, The ability to perform the assembly of the kind acts of different depending on the number of monk presence , and some principles should be applied to ensure the properties properly correct France's law practice is . The operator of the congregation along with reversionary the act of his was also presented in this chapter include : operating the reprimand, issue the instruction, practice of banishment , acts of reconciliation, and three types of suspended sentence execution . 10. The 10th chapter deals with the division of the congregation in Kosambī from beginning to end . The seed of division in this story was simply a dispute over an unimportant Rule, from the individual strife that spread to the group and became tense not only leading to fights between the bhikkhus but even caused the Buddha to go into the deep forest to live with the service of elephants and monkeys. Factors that lead to solving this division is the boycott action positively of the laity in the Kosambi,Finally, the dispute is resolved due to the good service of the wrong Bhikkhu . Stories about the prince Dighavu and lifestyle of living by three Venerable Anuruddha, Nandiya, Kimbila to promote coexistence peaceful and not hate each other as factors important to be built and maintained in a lifetime live collective. 4. Sub-Products : The Minor is the second part of the Component series consisting of 12 chapters: 1. The first chapter is the Acting chapter, which refers to seven types of behavior for the purpose of reminding and warning a monk whose behavior is not in accordance with the Dharma, not in accordance with the Law, in order to create conditions for him to have the opportunity. improve and amend . Seven acts of that is operating the reprimand, issue the instruction, practice of banishment , acts of reconciliation , and 3 types of operating a suspended sentence for not looking pleaded guilty , in not repairingerror, and in not giving up evil views . 2. Chapter 2 explain how recovery for monks guilty Sanghadisesa (increase Museum) from the beginning until the end going through the stages parivasa, manatta, mulaya patikassanam if violations to such crimes or offenses similar in time actually implement sanctions, and finally as part confessor abbhana to restore the previous status monk guilty . 3. Chapter 3 explained about the case especially of the monks while enforcing punishment to escape crime Sanghadisesa the continued violations such crimes anymore, or similar crime group. 4. Chapter 4 explains the seven ways of settlement: how to behave with the Law with presence , act on the Law with memorization, act on the Law when not in a frenzy , the judgment according to the recognized crime , according to the number According to his crime, the use of grass cover for the four types of litigation is controversy related to controversy, dispute related to reprimand, dispute related to guilt, and litigation. related to the task . 5. Chapter 5 is the chapter of the biography mentions many problems have related to the activities daily of monks in many different aspects, such as how to dress , and preached , the widgets , etc .. 6. Chapter 6 Sage narrates the offering of the first 60 residences of a rich man in Rajagaha to the donation of a complete monastery by Mr. Anāthapiṇḍika ( Level of Solitude ) and related issues such as the construction , usage , and assignments in the management of the monastery . Chapter 7. Chapter 7 is Divided syndrome , beginning with the story long introduction of living in a home typical of the family of Sakya ( Gautama ), followed by the renunciation of six youths under family in which Devadatta later initiated and carried out the division of the congregation . This chapter concludes with questions from the Elder Upāli to identify the distinctions between dissension in the assembly, which is common in the community, and division.Assembly is a serious matter . Karma bad for those who divide the congregation and blessed by what you do with the most opportunity they have been divided also mentioned in this chapter. 8. Chapter 8 explained on 14 duty in life to live ordained . The life of a bhikkhu is described in full in this chapter, beginning with the duty of the bhikkhu who visits , resides, or prepares to leave, including the bhikkhu's duty with respect to abode. in the woods or in a monastery . The daily duties as go begging , home duties eat, rejoice merit of benefactors , to use the bathroom, the toilet is described in detail . In addition , it also prescribes the duties of interaction between teachersInternational degree and school teacher to disciple or student have contact again. Public life is good or not is due to the awareness and practice of this duty of every ordained , typically the monk. 9. Chapter 9th Suspension Patimokkha Patimokkha presented reasons the Buddha has preached about the eight wonders extraordinary in the ocean, to compare with the nature especially the French and the Law which he had uttered , and have related to the entrusted responsibility recitation of the monastic rule Patimokkha for the monk from that point onwards. The method of suspending the precepts of Pātimokkha in order toprotect the purity of the assembly , by eliminating the Bhikkhu khưu commit crimes but still conceal or show ignorance. In particular, this chapter also mentions many delicate details in the reprimand of the plaintiff bhikkhu and the appropriate attitude of the accused bhikkhu in order to keep the peace of the two sides. 10. Chapter 10 refers to renunciation of the monk and nuns with full detail , starting with the begging ordained her Mahapajapati Gotami, subsequently amended by Level on the approval bathed in French, Then five hundred Sakya princesses were ordained with the Order of Bhikkhus, followed by the process of progressing to the higher level with both assemblies : with the Bhikkhuni Order first and then with the Bhikkhu Sangha . In case especially , operating the convent Level on in congregationA bhikkhu may be conducted in the presence of a bhikkhuni as his representative . In addition , some problems arose with personality individual female was also compiled in this chapter. Careful study of this chapter can grasp the general features of the activities of bhikkhunis at that time. 11. Chapter 11 talks about the first collection of Tripitaka in India . In addition to the historical documents relating to the work compiled the teachings of the Buddha includes part origination , preparation and conduct, this chapter refers to the words declared by virtue Purana about he just recorded the teaching by the self has heard directly from the metal gate of the Buddha , on the position elders decided not to add and not dropping any public school, thecompliance of the Venerable Ānanda to rank elders , and how to apply penalties Brahma ( discounts above ). 12. The 12th chapter talks about the second collection of the Tripitaka in India with the dependent origination in Vesālī about 100 years after the Buddha 's Nirvana . The details on the progress of athletes of both sides in this dispute to help readers understand some outline in life live living spirit of that time. This is the second recorded faction after Kosamb, unfortunately it stops at the end of the gathering.this without revealing any further details of the later sectarian division . 5. Strengths: The Compendium ( Parivāra ) is the last set of the Vinayapiṭaka . Regarding the meaning of the word parivāra , scholar IB Horner analyzes it as follows: "... pari is a meaningful prefix : to go around, to surround , etc.. and vāra is derived from the Sanskrit root word which is √ vṛ means to cover..." (√ vṛ also means a second choice); accordingly, we temporarily named "Episode Weak", has meaning literally "episode together the keyThe main points have been selected from the two Laws Suttavibhaṅga and Khandhaka and then arranged and presented through different points of view. Thus, affordable set of Episode Weak do not bring anything new material for the reader? Thinking like that is also partly correct. However , among those who have read, even studied carefully both the Law on, who can affirm that itself can be understood accurately and remember fully what the Buddha taught , or thinking of systematizing the knowledge of Law? Let's try to answer the following questions: "Studies have been prescribedIn how many locations? How much is each such place? How many lessons have been prescribed in common for bhikkhus and bhikkhunis? What are the learning things? How many school things have been prescribed separately for bhikkhus, for bhikkhunis? What are the learning things? etc.. The Compendium addresses those questions, saving the reader from having to spend time manipulating memories or having to open the book again . The nineteen chapters of the Compendium are presented in the following order : I. Chapter Sixteen Main Section of Analysis of the Bhikkhu khưu: Summarize the full 227 things of the Bhikkhu khưu. II. Chapter Sixteen Main Section of the Analysis of Bhikkhunis: is a summary of Bhikkhunīvibhaṅga including the lessons prescribed specifically for bhikkhunis, the presentation is similar to that in the chapter above for the Bhikkhu khưu. III. Summary of the Source of Sin: From the body, the mind is divided into six sources of crime: can be born by body and mind, not by speech; can be born by speech and mind, not by body, etc.. There is only one source of sin for the guilty, two for the guilty, three for the guilty, four for the guilty, and six for the guilty. thirteen groups have the same source of sin. IV. But is divided into two parts: (a) the overlap Continuous and (b) Analysis Method Settlement, but part (b) is only part of the next section (a) has not been completed . The reason recognize two distinct parts resulting from the aggregation still lingers sentence signaled the end of the beginning: " antarapeyyalam nitthitam " means "neutrality Continuing be terminated ." About aspects form , both parts are the questions and answers form opens with the title ( Matika ). V. Component Series Questions: Just a brief introduction through the chapters of this series including Major and Minor in question and answer format on how many types of crimes for each chapter and ends when listing list all 22 chapters of this Code. BECAUSE. Step-by-Step: presented in the form of a number from group one to eleven with the content related to the Law and the form presented in the same way as in the Sutra of the Sangha of the Tripitaka . VII. The Question The Answers about Le uposatha , etc .. Just a short chapter refers to operating the word feast uposatha ceremony Pavarana ... punish manatta , and the confessional. The second part deals with the benefits of prescribing doctrine. It is worth noting that this chapter ends with the phrase " Mahāvaggo niṭṭhito " which means "The Great Chapter is ended ," whereas the parts presented in this chapter are found scattered throughout the Vinaya, not the entire Vinaya. must be only inGreat Product . VIII. Collection of Verses : Most are presented in stanza form with some prose interspersed . The content lists the names of eight places where the regulation of the lessons happened , how many things each place has, etc.. In addition, it also divides the subjects into groups according to many different aspects such as general regulations. , specific rules , etc.. IX. Dispute Analysis: A detailed analysis of the four disputes and seven settlements. The topic is presented succinctly, but no less concisely, it should be consulted . X. Other Collections of Verses : Just a short chapter purely in stanzas on topics related to the accuser : the meaning and purpose of the accusation , the main points of wrongdoing that the accuser crimes need to be considered in the process of accusing other crimes . XI. Chapter Confession : is the next presentation of the above chapter related to the accuser and the judge . XII. The Conflict (Appendix): Only a short chapter related to the judge , however the details presented are completely novel, not found in the sections of the Law that have been read. XIII. Conflict (Main): The practice of the judge is explained in detail . How is presented in the similar as Analysis About Bon , first introduced a paragraph later section explains the meaning of each sentence. XIV. Analysis Kathina : The thing to know about Kathina is gather together in the form of questions and answers with personality extensive but no less succinctly , in addition there are details that have not been presented in Chapter Kathina of Great Food . XV. The Upāli Five: are Upāli's questions and the Buddha 's answers as found in the Great and Minor . XVI. Source of Birth : Presenting the source of sin as mentioned in chapters I, II, III. In this chapter, the source of sin is the main topic and is presented succinctly according to each lesson. XVII. Collection of Verses (Part Two): As the questions and answers related to the crime violated . However , the answer can only personality suggests. There sentences can easily contact is the problem , but many questions answered other occupied much time of us to learn the meaning of words explained by Buddhaghosa as well as review and test the excerpt IB Horner's guide in English translation. XVIII. The Verses Making of sweating: the hard questions that the reader confused and sweating when thinking . Regarding this chapter, the footnote is indispensable and has also created many difficulties for us in defining the problem . There are a few questions, we just recorded and not the translation done part explanation for not determine the source cited. XIX. Five Parts: Presented in five topics: Acting , benefits , the regulation of all kinds of acts , seven ways of settlement that have been prescribed , and the synthesis of nine different issues . As for the author , or rather the one who edited this document , we only know his name is Dīpa through the summary at the end of the volume. He was introduced as "Career wisdom was learning from the master and perform Parivara order to clarify Dharma , the Buddha help learners to solve these doubts did arise ." There are opinions that DIPA is an ordained person in the island of Ceylon(Translator IB Horner records from Winternitz, A History of Indian Literature , Volume ii, p. 33). As for the timing, it is also impossible to determine for sure . Based on the poem lists the names of elders inherit Vinaya mentioned in paragraph [3] named five of Jambudipa ( India ), next is the group five leader is Mr. Mahinda has the responsibility to go preaching The Dharma is in Tambapaṇṇi, and the last elder on that list is named Sīva. There are documents conjecture that the Shiva lived around the first century AD calendar (Oskar Von Hinuber, A Handbook of Pali Literature , NS. 22); Thus, it can be inferred that the Parivāra was performed around that time . Location was done Parivara is tacitly accepted in the island Tambapanni he (ie water now Sri Lanka). Regarding the content, there are issues worth noting as follows: 1) Parivara yet been put in Tipitaka ( Tripitaka ), but the majority of Parivara not the things that were heard directly from the metal gate of the Buddha and recorded verbatim as two sets of law there or parts of canon ; This is easily identified by text. Although Parivāra does not claim to be the Buddha's words, the issues discussed do not go beyond the teachings of the Buddha . 2) Parivāra currently in use consists of 19 chapters; however at the end of chapter XIV there is the inscription " Parivāraṃ niṭṭhitaṃ " signaling the end of Parivāra. Translators IB Horner evidence that the Commentary on Law and Business School of the Ministry of Buddhaghosa mention " solasaparivara " means Parivara consists of 16 chapters and note that we in chapter IV consists of two separate parts Anantarapeyyala ( duplication continuous ) andSamathabheda (Analysis by the arrangement) and Chapter VII includes Uposathadipucchavissajjana (The question quiz about the ceremony uposatha , etc ..) and Atthavasapakarana (word of explanation about the benefits ) has been reduced again; way to explain this we get Parivara with sixteen chapters according to the commentary mentioned. Thus, affordable programs in the District XV-XIX Tibet and commentary have been added after the period of Buddhaghosa (around the 5th century AD)? This need to wait for the answer from the works studied seriously or from the finding of the relics from the archaeological work to get questions answered adequately . 3) It should be added that: Parivāra is not a book to read normally but is considered a learning document , a learning tool to help Law researchers understand and master the issues of Law. Presenting the problem from multiple angles, on a topic- by -topic basis , can help the reader redefine knowledge and contribute to consolidation of memory. However , readers ordinary can also learn the art strokes diversity in analytical problem . The content of the Vinaya Pitaka is thereTopics that the school has been the Buddha prescribed for the monk and the monk and nuns, but also to be inserted into the story introduction presenting the context of the society of India at the time of the Buddha . If studied carefully the reader can choose to filter out the material value on history , medicine, psychology , etc .. and the lessons learned can apply in life practice daily lives of every export both at home and in the household . We hope that the Vietnamese translation of Vinaya will contribute little merit in the practice and study of wealth away.END=NAM MO SHAKYAMUNI BUDDA.( 3 TIMES ).WORLD VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST ORDER=BUDDHIST DHARMA WHEEL GOLDEN MONASTERY=VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST NUN=THE WOMEN OF THE SAKYA CLAN CHAN TANH.AUSTRALIA,SYDNEY.22/11/2021.